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Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-903484

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE Estimate the prevalence of active tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection among the staff that is in contact and the staff that is not in contact with prisoners, and investigate factors associated with latent tuberculosis infection in this population. METHODS Observational cross-sectional study, conducted from 2012 to 2015, in employees of different prison units in the municipality of Franco da Rocha, SP. It consisted of the application of a questionnaire, application and reading of the tuberculin test, sputum smear microscopy, sputum culture, and radiological examination. The association between the qualitative variables was calculated by the Pearson's chi-squared test. The sociodemographic and clinical-epidemiological factors related to the latent tuberculosis infection were evaluated by the logistic regression with the odds ratios (OR) calculation and their respective intervals with 95% of confidence (95%CI). RESULTS A total of 1,059 employees were examined, 657 (62.0%) of prisons, 249 (23.5%) of CASA Foundation units and 153 (14.5%) of custodial and psychiatric treatment hospitals. The tuberculin test was applied and read for 945 (89.2%) professionals. Of these, 797 (84.3%) were contacts of detainees and 148 (15.7%) were not. Among prison staff, the factors associated with latent tuberculosis infection were: contact with detainee (OR = 2.12, 95%CI 1.21-3.71); male gender (OR = 1.97, 95%CI 1.19-3.27); between 30 and 39 years old (OR = 2.98, 95%CI 1.34-6.63), 40 to 49 years old (OR = 4.32, 95%CI 1.94-9.60), and 50 to 59 years old (OR = 3.98, 95%CI 1.68-9.43); nonwhite color or race (OR = 1.89, 95%CI 1.29-2.78); and smoker (OR = 1.64, 95%CI 1.05-2.55). There were no positive test on sputum smear microscopy and culture. Of the 241 (22.8%) professionals who underwent radiological examination, 48 (19.9%) presented alterations of which 11 were suspected of tuberculosis. CONCLUSIONS Prison employees who have direct contact with detainees are 2.12 times more likely to become infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the work environment and consequently to become ill with tuberculosis and should be targeted for disease prevention and control.


RESUMO OBJETIVO Estimar a prevalência de tuberculose ativa e de infecção latente da tuberculose entre funcionários contatos e não contatos de detentos, e investigar fatores associados à infecção latente da tuberculose nesta população. MÉTODOS Estudo observacional do tipo transversal, realizado no período de 2012 a 2015, em funcionários de diferentes unidades prisionais do município de Franco da Rocha, SP. Consistiu na aplicação de um questionário, aplicação e leitura da prova tuberculínica, baciloscopia e cultura dos escarros e exame radiológico. A associação entre as variáveis qualitativas foi calculada pelo teste qui-quadrado de Pearson e os fatores sociodemográficos e clínico-epidemiológicos relacionados à infecção latente da tuberculose foram avaliados pela regressão logística com o cálculo das odds ratios (OR) e seus respectivos intervalos com 95% de confiança (IC95%). RESULTADOS Foram examinados 1.059 funcionários, sendo 657 (62,0%) de penitenciárias, 249 (23,5%) de unidades da Fundação CASA e 153 (14,5%) de hospitais de custódia e tratamento psiquiátrico. Foi aplicada e lida a prova tuberculínica em 945 (89,2%) profissionais. Desses, 797 (84,3%) eram contatos de detentos e 148 (15,7%) não eram. Entre funcionários das penitenciárias, os fatores associados com a infecção latente da tuberculose foram os seguintes: ter contato com detento (OR = 2,12; IC95% 1,21-3,71); ser do sexo masculino (OR = 1,97; IC95% 1,19-3,27); estar na faixa etária entre 30 e 39 anos (OR = 2,98; IC95% 1,34-6,63), 40 a 49 anos (OR = 4,32; IC95% 1,94-9,60) e 50 a 59 anos (OR = 3,98; IC95% 1,68-9,43); ser da cor ou raça não branca (OR = 1,89; IC95% 1,29-2,78); e ser fumante (OR = 1,64; IC95% 1,05-2,55). Não houve exame positivo na baciloscopia e na cultura. Dos 241 (22,8%) profissionais que realizaram o exame radiológico, 48 (19,9%) apresentaram alterações, dos quais 11 eram suspeitos de tuberculose. CONCLUSÕES Os funcionários das penitenciárias que têm contato direto com os detentos têm 2,12 vezes mais chance de se infectar pelo Mycobacterium tuberculosis no âmbito de trabalho e, consequentemente, de adoecer por tuberculose, devendo ser alvos de ações de prevenção e controle da doença.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Prisons/statistics & numerical data , Prisoners/statistics & numerical data , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/epidemiology , Occupational Diseases/epidemiology , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/diagnostic imaging , Brazil/epidemiology , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Latent Tuberculosis/epidemiology , Middle Aged , Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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